1. Who is credited with first using the word "geography"?
ANS- Eratosthenes
2. What is the literal meaning of the word "geography"?
ANS- Description of the earth’s surface.
3. What does the word ‘Geo’ in geography mean?
ANS-Earth
4. Which of the following best defines geography in simple terms?
ANS-Study of interaction of physical, biological, and human phenomena
5. What was the primary approach of earlier geographers?
ANS- Descriptive
6. What approach has geography adopted in modern times?
ANS- Analysis and prediction
7. Which of the following describes the object of geography?
ANS- To know the earth in its total character
8. How has geography evolved as a discipline?
ANS- From descriptive to analytical science
9. What does the modern discipline of geography include apart from descriptions?
ANS- Analysis, synthesis, and prediction
10. Why is the integration of heterogeneous phenomena important in geography?
ANS- To analyze and synthesize multiple factors
1.1 GEOGRAPHY IN DAILY LIFE
1. Why is geography considered an essential field of study?
ANS- It studies the only living planet where we live and experience changes.
2. Which of the following changes more rapidly on the earth's surface?
ANS- Cultural elements like buildings and roads
3. What is the primary reason for changes in the types of trees from one area to another?
ANS-Variations in climate, soil, and terrain
4. What does the study of geography primarily involve?
ANS-Observing patterns of natural and cultural features
5. Which natural feature is said to change slowly over time?
ANS-Mountains
6. What are examples of cultural elements mentioned in the text?
ANS- Analysis and prediction
7. Why do trees vary from one location to another?
ANS- Because of the interaction between the environment and human use
8. What aspect of the earth's surface does geography help us understand?
ANS- The patterns and changes in natural and cultural elements
9. How does geography help us observe changes on earth?
ANS- By analyzing patterns of interaction between the environment and its usage
10.What governs the growth of trees in different areas?
ANS-Factors like climate, soil, and terrain
11. What does "areal differentiation" in geography primarily refer to?
ANS-Understanding the unique characteristics of different areas on Earth's surface
12. Which of the following is an example of human intervention in altering the physical landscape?
ANS-Transformation of forested areas into human settlements
13. How do cultural factors influence the physical landscape?
ANS-By shaping how natural features are perceived and utilized by different groups.
14. What does the phrase "features of the earth have different significance for peoples of different cultures" mean?
ANS-Cultural perceptions influence how landscapes are valued and used.
15. Which factor is NOT typically considered in areal differentiation?
ANS-Astronomical factors
16. What is one of the primary advantages of maps compared to pictures or drawings?
ANS.They give a more accurate and graphic view of the Earth’s surface.
17. Which modern technology is used to create maps from satellite images?
ANS-Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
18. What is a key role of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in modern geography?
ANS-Converting satellite data into maps to track and analyze changes.
19. Why are modern mapmakers in high demand?
ANS-Due to the need for analyzing and representing geographical changes for societal benefits.
20.Who among the following is most likely to use GIS tools?
ANS-City planners and environmental scientists
21.Why is geographical knowledge essential in creating urban master plans?
ANS-To understand the physical structure, climate, and resource availability of an area.
22.What is a potential consequence of shifting industries from city areas to rural areas?
ANS- Displacement of farmers and loss of their income source.
23.What does the term "ribbon development" refer to in geography?
ANS- Linear settlements along transport corridors like railways or highways.
24.How does geographical knowledge assist in disaster relief operations?
ANS- By identifying affected areas and distributing relief according to climate and terrain.
25.What is the goal of using geography in project planning?
ANS- To identify sites with minimum collateral damage to the environment and local communities.
TOPIC - Basic Concepts (ONE WORD )
1.Which two distinct traditions of geographical work were followed in ancient Greece?
ANS-Mathematical tradition and fieldwork-based tradition
2.What was the main focus of the mathematical tradition in ancient geography?
ANS-Fixing the location of places on the Earth's surface
3.What term did Humboldt use to describe the nature of outer space and Earth?
ANS-Kosmos
4.According to Humboldt, geography is primarily the study of what?
ANS-Nature and all material things found on Earth
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5.What concept did Carl Ritter introduce in geography?
ANS- Erdkunde
6.Who introduced the concept of "Areal differentiation" in geography?
ANS- Hartshorne
7.What debate popularized the use of quantitative methods in geography?
ANS-Carl Saur-Hartshorne debate
8.What approach in geography focuses on man-environment relationships?
ANS-Traditional school of thought
9.What does "Chorology" introduced by Hettner emphasize in geography?
ANS-Study of regions
10.Which of the following approaches enriched geographical studies in the modern era?
ANS- Radical, welfare, and postmodernism approaches
1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF GEOGRAPHY
TOPIC-Ancient Period (ONE WORD)
1.Who are considered the earliest geographers?
ANS- Greeks
2.Which of the following scholars is NOT mentioned as one of the earliest Greek geographers?
ANS-Ptolemy
TOPIC - Pre-Modern Period (ONE WORD)
1.Which explorers are associated with the travels and explorations during the 15th to 18th centuries?
ANS- Christopher Columbus and Vasco de Gama
2.What was one of the major contributions of early geographers during this period?
ANS- Advancements in cartography and the discovery of new lands
3.Who among the following geographers contributed significantly to the scientific development of geography?
ANS-Varenius, Kant, Humboldt, and Ritter
4.What was one major outcome of the explorations and scientific work by geographers during this period?
ANS-Development of geography into a scientific discipline
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